The exercise questions in this chapter are based on these topics:

1. Electron Configuration Practice

• Write the electron configuration of given elements.

• Identify the block, period, and group from the electron configuration.

2. Periodic Trends

• Compare and explain the trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity.

• Justify why certain elements have larger or smaller atomic radii.

3. Classification of Elements

• Identify metals, non-metals, and metalloids from given properties.

• Classify elements into s-block, p-block, d-block, or f-block.

4. Reactions of Elements

• Write balanced equations for the reactions of Na and Mg with oxygen, chlorine, and water.

• Predict the products and type of bonding.

5. Oxides and Hydroxides

• Predict whether an oxide is acidic, basic, or amphoteric.

• Write equations for the reactions of oxides with water.

• Write equations for the acid/base behavior of NaOH and Mg(OH)₂.

6. Chemical Properties and pH

• Predict the pH of solutions formed when oxides or chlorides react with water.

• Explain the acid/base behavior of oxides.

7. Oxidation Numbers

• Determine the oxidation numbers of elements in oxides and chlorides.

• Explain the variation based on valence electrons.

8. Trends in Reactivity

• Explain the reactivity trend in Group 1 and Group 17 elements.

• Justify trends in metallic and non-metallic behavior.

9. Application of Periodic Trends

• Predict the position of unknown elements based on given properties.

• Predict the characteristic properties of an element using knowledge of chemical periodicity.

10. Bonding and Electronegativity

• Suggest the type of bonding present in chlorides and oxides based on observations of physical and chemical properties.

• Explain variations and trends in terms of bonding and electronegativity.