MCQs in board exams are mostly based on these topics:

1. Biodiversity Concepts

• Biodiversity refers to the variety of: (Life on Earth)

• The three levels of biodiversity are: (Genetic, species, ecosystem)

• Biodiversity includes: (All living organisms on Earth)

2. Species and Speciation

• A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring is called: (Species)

• The process of formation of new species is called: (Speciation)

• Speciation occurs due to: (Geographic isolation, reproductive isolation)

3. Three Domains of Life

• The three domains of life are: (Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya)

• Which domain includes humans? (Eukarya)

• Which domain includes bacteria? (Bacteria)

• Which domain includes extremophiles? (Archaea)

4. Taxonomic Hierarchy

• The broadest level of classification is: (Kingdom)

• The most specific level of classification is: (Species)

• Correct order of taxonomic hierarchy is: (Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species)

• Taxonomic hierarchy was introduced by: (Linnaeus)

5. Five Kingdoms

• Kingdom Monera includes: (Bacteria and cyanobacteria)

• Kingdom Protoctista includes: (Algae and protozoa)

• Kingdom Fungi includes: (Mushrooms, yeasts, molds)

• Kingdom Plantae includes: (All plants)

• Kingdom Animalia includes: (All animals)

6. Characteristic Features of Kingdoms

• Monera have: (Prokaryotic cells, no nucleus)

• Protoctista have: (Eukaryotic cells, mostly unicellular)

• Fungi have cell walls made of: (Chitin)

• Plantae have cell walls made of: (Cellulose)

• Animalia have: (No cell walls)

7. Viruses

• Viruses are: (Not cellular, not considered living)

• Viruses are classified based on: (Type of nucleic acid, shape, host)

• Viruses are not included in the five kingdoms because: (They are not cellular)

8. Ecosystem and Niche

• An ecosystem includes: (All living and non-living things in an area)

• A niche is: (The role of an organism in its ecosystem)

• Difference between habitat and niche: (Habitat is where it lives, niche is its role)

9. Levels of Biodiversity

• Genetic diversity refers to: (Variation of genes within a species)

• Species diversity refers to: (Variety of species in an area)

• Ecosystem diversity refers to: (Variety of ecosystems in an area)

10. Sampling Methods

• Random sampling is used to: (Assess biodiversity accurately)

• A quadrat is used to: (Measure the distribution of organisms)

• A transect is used to: (Study changes in biodiversity along a line)

• Mark-recapture method is used to: (Estimate population size)

11. Classification Terms

• The science of classification is called: (Taxonomy)

• The father of taxonomy is: (Carl Linnaeus)

• Binomial nomenclature was introduced by: (Linnaeus)